Monday 21 October 2019

Vocabulary Unit 2

  • Alluvial plain: It is a flat, fertile area where the river deposits sediment.
  • Archipelago: It is a group of islands.
  • Basin: It is natural depression, or low areas of land. Some are below sea level.
  • Bay: It is a small gulf.
  • Beach: It is a flat coastal area.
  • Canyon: It is a deep channel with steep walls.
  • Cape: It is a part of the coast which extends into the sea.
  • Cliff: They are steep rock formations in high coastal areas.
  • Continental Drift: It is a new theory. There was only continent, which broke up millions of years ago. (Pangaea).
  • Continental shelf: It is a place near coastlines. These shelves are vast plateaus which reach of 150 metres.
  • Continental slope: It is a place to lead down to the deeper part of oceans.
  • Core: It is the deepest layer of the Earth. The core is part solid and part liquid.
  • Crater: It is the upper of volcano when magma comes out.
  • Crust: It is the surface layer of the Earth. It is a thin, solid layer made of rock.
  • Delta: It is a triangular area at the mouth of a river.
  • Earthquake:It is caused by plate tectonics. When two plates crash, there is a release of energy that makes the ground vibrate. This vibration is an earthquake.
  • Erosion: It is the fragmentation and dissolution of rocks, soil and mud, which is transported by wind or water.
  • Estuary: It is the part of a river where it meets the sea.
  • Fault: They are blocks rise or sink.
  • Fluvial erosion: the rivers erode materials, and create deep valleys and canyons.
  • Fold: They are created when the Earth’s surface undulates where plates collide.
  • Gulf: It is a large area of a sea or ocean partially enclosed by land.
  • Island: It is an area of land surrounded by water on all sides.
  • Isthmus: It connects a peninsula to a continent.
  • Lava: It is magma comes out of a volcano.
  • Lower course: It is down part the river.
  • Lower mantle: It is the intermediate layer. It has a depth of 700 to 3,000 km.
  • Magma: It is molten rock. It is a very hot material that comes out when a volcano is an opening.
  • Mantle: It is the intermediate layer of the Earth. This layer is almost 85% of the Earth’s volume.
  • Marine Erosion: waves and currents wear away coasts and create cliffs. The water transports the sediment and deposits it. It forms beaches.
  • Middle course:It is a middle part the river.
  • Mountain: They are high landforms with steep sides.
  • Mountain range: It is a group of mountains.
  • Ocean Ridge: It is a large mountain range in the ocean floor .
  • Ocean Trench: They are large, deep depressions in the ocean floor.
  • Peninsula: It is an area of land surrounded by water on all sides except one.
  • Pipe: It is a part of volcano through the magma rises.
  • Plain: They are low, flat areas of land.
  • Plateau: They are large, raised plains.
  • Sediment: They are the erosion’s materials which rests on a basin.
  • Solution: water dissolves some rocks, such as limestone, producing unusual caves and landscapes.
  • Tectonic Plate: They are the different plates the Earth’s crust. It is a theory
  • Tsunami: It is an earthquake on the ocean floor.
  • Upper course: It is  the high part in  a river.
  • Upper mantle: this is a  layer of the Earth that  has a depth of 70 to 700 km. It is below the crust.
  • Valley:It is an area of low land between mountains.
  • Volcano:It is an opening in the surface of the Earth through which very hot material comes out.
  • Waterfall: It is a section of a river where the water falls vertically.

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